Contemporary Era

Soviet Union

1922 AD – 1991 AD · peak 1985 AD

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was a socialist state established in 1922 following the Russian Revolution, with its capital in Moscow. Under leaders like Vladimir Lenin and Joseph Stalin, it underwent rapid forced industrialization and played a decisive role in the Allied victory of World War II. Despite pioneering space exploration with Sputnik and Yuri Gagarin, the union collapsed in 1991 due to systemic economic stagnation and ethnic nationalism.

Capital: Moscow