Classical Antiquity
Neo-Babylonian Empire
626 BC – 539 BC · peak 580 BC
The Neo-Babylonian Empire (626–539 BC) restored Babylon as a major Mesopotamian power under Nabopolassar and Nebuchadnezzar II. It conquered Jerusalem in 586 BC and deported part of Judah's elite, while Babylon became famous for its walls, temples and royal monuments. The empire fell in 539 BC when Cyrus the Great entered Babylon and integrated it into Persian rule.
Capital: Babylon
Trade routes in use
- Amber Road (1500 BC – 500 AD)
- Incense Route (1000 BC – 400 AD)
- Phoenician Mediterranean Routes (1100 BC – 300 BC)