Colonial Era
Qing Empire
1751 AD – 1912 AD · peak 1790 AD
Established by the Manchus in 1644, the Qing dynasty was China's final imperial era, reaching its territorial peak under the Qianlong Emperor. The 19th century saw rapid decline due to the Opium Wars, unfavorable treaties with Western powers, and the internal devastation of the Taiping Rebellion. Imperial rule ended in 1912 with the abdication of Emperor Puyi following the Xinhai Revolution.
Capital: Beijing
Key figures
Battles in this period
Trade routes in use
- Cape Route (1500 AD – 1869 AD)
- Manila Galleon (1565 AD – 1815 AD)
- Atlantic Triangular Trade (1600 AD – 1808 AD)
- Tea Clipper Route (1720 AD – 1900 AD)
- Suez Route (1869 AD – 2026 AD)
- Trans-Siberian Railway (1904 AD – 2026 AD)