Middle Ages

Inca Empire

1438 AD – 1450 AD · peak 1450 AD

Beginning in 1438 AD, Sapa Inca Pachacuti transformed the Kingdom of Cuzco into the Tahuantinsuyu empire. The state developed a massive 40,000-kilometer road network and utilized the quipu string system for administrative record-keeping in the absence of alphabetic writing. Notable construction during this period included the royal estate of Machu Picchu around 1450 AD.

Capital: Cuzco